The political economy of the Eurozone is currently at the center of a serious institutional, political, and economic crisis. The main idea that this book attempts to highlight is that this crisis is closely linked to the philosophy of the architecture of the Eurozone, which has been imposed by the Treaty of Maastricht, reflecting the influence of the dominant model of economic theory of the "new consensus". Our main position is that the effectiveness of the economic policies implemented in the Eurozone depends, to a significant extent, on the realism of the assumptions and premises of the "new consensus". The book seeks to demonstrate the weak foundations of the "new consensus" model and the significant lack of realism in this specific approach to understanding the functioning of the capitalist economies in which we live. In this context, the effectiveness of the economic policy implemented in the Eurozone is questioned, and its responsibility for the current debt crisis is noted. Finally, the book relates the future of the EU to the implementation of an alternative economic policy that aims at full employment, fair income distribution, and financial stability.