In "One-Dimensional Man," Marcuse strongly opposes the widely prevalent mode of thinking that he perceives as one-dimensional - the uncritical and conformist acceptance of existing structures, norms, and behaviors. He argues that members of Western societies, both capitalist and communist, must reclaim their individuality and personal freedom against the oppression of the technological establishment. The only hope for a freer and happier mode of existence, according to Marcuse, lies in the active resistance of people against waste, destruction, and exploitation, which constitute the core of advanced industrial society. In our contemporary world, dominated by unchecked militarism and widespread oppression, Marcuse's sharp indictment against Western society remains chillingly relevant today as when it was first written.