The final cost assessment of the 1946-1949 period in terms of blood can only be made approximately, due to the difficulty of precise determination, on the one hand, of the losses of the paramilitary forces from the government side and, on the other hand, of the losses of the Democratic Army, especially during times of defeat. However, from the known and accessible data, we can make some initial estimates. The total losses of the National Army reached 44,000 officers and soldiers (14,000 dead). In the Democratic Army, the dead, according to estimates, amounted to about 25,000. As for the victims among the paramilitary mechanisms and civilians, there are significant differences in the estimates, but they all refer to real massacres.

By comparison, the Asia Minor Campaign (1919-1922) had cost the Greek army 37,000 dead or missing. The "milder" war of 1940-1941 (Greco-Italian and Greco-German) cost 15,000 dead and missing, and the Balkan Wars "only" 8,000 dead. If we consider that in the case of the civil war, the victims on both sides come from the same Greek society, then we are obviously facing the greatest bloodshed that the country has experienced since its independence in 1830 until today.

It is obvious that we are facing an extremely brutal war confrontation. A war of a total character, that is, one that does not only concern the armies and the armed forces, but the entire society. More than one million people, civilians, were displaced and became refugees during this war. What more can happen in a war?