The Macedonian Issue is one of the oldest international problems with a history of 150 years. In this century and a half, the Macedonian issue has changed forms and shapes, but its initial protagonists remained essentially the same: Greece and the Greeks, Bulgaria and the Bulgarians, Serbia and the Serbs, and a Slavic-speaking population, hovering between these three dynamic nations, the majority of which ended up becoming a new nation in the Balkans in the 20th century, something that was not accepted by the other three older nations.

The Athens-Skopje dispute is not a classic intergovernmental dispute, border or territorial, but mainly an emotionally charged confrontation of national historical narratives and identities, which makes it very difficult to resolve. While the Sofia-Skopje dispute is also a clash of national identities/historical narratives, which is even deeper than the Athens-Skopje difference and even more difficult to resolve.

This study is a comprehensive presentation and analysis of the Macedonian Issue, concluding with the resolution of the Athens-Skopje dispute with a solution of positive sum without winners and losers.