This book provides an introduction to the basic principles governing the structure, stability, and decay of atomic nuclei, as well as the interactions of nuclear radiation with matter and their measurement. It also provides information on the properties of radioactive elements and the composition of new elements that have expanded the known Periodic Table.
The production of nuclear energy, the nuclear fuel cycle, from uranium mining to the disposal of radioactive waste, as well as the presentation of health physics and radiation protection elements, are also important chapters of the book.
Finally, the authors place particular emphasis on nuclear analytical methods, the applications of isotopes and radiation in research and technology, as well as the radioactivity of the environment and food.

The content of this textbook is largely based on the traditions of the Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry courses at the Department of Chemistry of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and aims to fill a gap in the particularly limited Greek literature in this scientific field.

The book is aimed at tertiary education students, but at the same time provides well-documented information to anyone interested in nuclear sciences and their applications.