The focus of the articles that make up the content of this volume is the relationship between Economy and Politics in modern Greece. Specifically, topics such as industry, agricultural economy, public sector, labor market and employment, relations with the European Union, various public policies, etc., are illuminated and analyzed. The selection of articles was made based on two main criteria: the historicity of the approaches and the role of economic institutions. Politics, the state, and state policies are highlighted as equal or perhaps superior factors to the private sector and private economy in the process of recent economic development. Students of economics, social sciences, and political sciences will find in this volume a fundamental reference work, useful for their studies on Greek economy and development.