During the past two decades, and especially in the 1990s, significant developments and changes have taken place in the Greek economy and society, which have largely shaped the current structures, relationships, behaviors, and contradictions. However, these developments have not been the subject of systematic research, let alone critical research, in our country. What we attempt to do in the pages of this book is to place the choices of economic policy and the economic management of the country over the past two decades within a broader framework of development, in order to highlight the institutional, economic, and social shortcomings of these choices and the need to change the philosophy of the current policy. This volume aims to contribute to the debate and discussion of ideas and approaches regarding some of the main economic and social problems of the country, in order to enrich public dialogue with new ideas and values.