Lenin was the leading Marxist of the 20th century. Successor and continuator of Marx and Engels, he elevated Marxism to a new level and became the main leader of the October Revolution, the founder of the USSR and the Communist International.

Studies on the development of capitalism in Russia; wars against Narodnikism; the theory of the new type of party; the problematic of the democratic agrarian revolution of 1905; wars against liberalism and opportunism; philosophical studies; works on the national question; the break with the Soviet-mutated Second International; the return to Marxist theory on the state; the October uprising; the foundation of the Communist International; the problematic of the NEP and socialist construction - these are the main milestones of Lenin's work, the study of which can help understand his personality and contribution.

In this book, Christos Kefalis traces the unity as well as the continuous development and enrichment of Lenin's thought throughout its historical trajectory. He criticizes its distortions by the dominant ideology and Stalinism and highlights its relevance for the socialist movement in our era.