The waves of refugees and migrants are testing Europe. Responsibility, solidarity, as well as the cohesion of states and societies, even that of the European Union itself, are being questioned. Especially when the humanitarian issue is overshadowed by the terrorist threat. Particularly when migratory flows are interpreted by many as a threat, since it is not always easy for citizens to distinguish those in need of humanitarian aid from real dangers. Geographic origin, cultural and religious references cause ambiguities and confusions that are easily exploited by extremists on all sides. Jihadist terrorists, now that the self-proclaimed "Islamic Caliphate" is losing its "state" status, aim to establish insecurity in various parts of the planet and mainly in Europe. The difficulties faced by countries such as Syria, Iraq, and Libya in restoring order and finding a balance point among their entities are testing the resilience of a Europe that has already set in motion a unified space of peace and security among its states. Why are there so many refugees? What are the interests of the "players" in the Middle East? What can Europe do?